Article Title: From mini‐puberty to pre‐puberty: early impairment of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis with normal testicular function in children with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome

Authors: Spaziani, Granato, Liberati, Rossi, Tahani, Pozza, Gianfrilli, Papi, Anzuini, Lenzi, Tarani, and Radicioni

Date of Publication: May 6, 2020

Purpose Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome in males. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and the clinical profile of KS boys from mini-puberty to early childhood…Conclusions No hormonal signs of tubular or interstitial damage were found in KS infants. The presence of higher levels of gonadotropins, INHB and testosterone during mini-puberty and pre-puberty may be interpreted as an alteration of the HPG axis in KS infants.”

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